The French Revolution During The 19th Century Essay

During the beginning of history there have been major political, economic, cultural and social revolutions. The people wanted change and brought about revolt against their government. The revolution instigated the act of liberty and equality for all people and generated fair living standards and/or social classes and treatment. This prompted expansions of political forces including but not limited to the democracy and nationalism. Questioning the authority of kings, priests and nobles it provided new principles and gave significance to the current political and social ideas of citizens. Many factors led to the cause of the French Revolution which considerably changed France’s economy and political status. Both Social and political conflicts, financial difficulties and the influence of the American Revolution during the 17th century all played a part it what trigged the French Revolution during the eighteenth century. The eighteenth century France was a nation that was ruled by an absolute monarchy who had greater power that peasants and just below the aristocracy. King Louis XIV of France was not willing to trade his position that he had held for seventeen years. This was a perfect environment for his absolute government and if he had adequately managed France’s finances it may have lasted longer than it did. Many taxes were implemented and spent on items such as roads and wars that the bourgeois gained control. Disbanding of the Estates resulted in the creation of theShow MoreRelatedThe Social Conditions Of The 19th Century Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesImagine living in the 19th century while the world is experiencing major social and economic changes following the French and Industrial Revolutions. These world changing events are mostly causing plagues for the working class. These 19th century conditions cause the people to revolt against the social reforms of the existing world and r eveal the need for a new social structure. The newly emerging Industrial revolution results in a shift within economic classes, which are the bourgeoisie and proletariatRead MoreThe Movie Les Miserables ( 2012, United Kingdom )1110 Words   |  5 PagesUnited Kingdom). The film is an epic romantic musical directed by Tom Hooper. As a film, Les Misà ©rables is based on a musical by Claude-Michel Schonberg and Alain Boublil that goes by the same name (Les Misà ©rables) and is also based upon Victor Hugo’s French novel - Les Misà ©rables, 1862 (Shoard n.p). This analysis looks at various elements of the movie ranging from the themes used in the film, its genre, artistic movement, the director’s style and the film’s representation on its country’s culture. TheRead MoreThe Causes And Effects Of Europe945 Words   |  4 Pageshistory will reveal a constant theme of revolutions and counterrevolutions across space and time that have shaped the very foundations of societies across the expanse of the continent. Furthermore, these revolutions occurred in many different spheres of daily life. For instance, some revolutions featured prolonged periods of violent political upheaval while others featured a more subtle revolution, changing the very social fabric of Europe. In addition, some revolutions centered on economic change whileRead MoreHow Was Political Grandeur And Dignity Articulated Through Early 19th Century Architecture?1286 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical grandeur and dignity articulated through early 19th century civic architecture in Paris? Use specific examples. 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There are many factors to consider and so it is vital to address how different types of women behavedRead MoreThe French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution Essay1300 Words   |  6 Pages18th and 19th century is marked by the greatest transformations, reformations, revolutions and many other critical events that ever took place in human history. The credit is given to all these revolutions for enlightenment of mankind. The two most important revolutions were the French revolution and the industrial revolution. One can feel that both of these revolutions mutually reinforced each other and later became the back bone of all other revolutions. On the other hand, both revolutions had totallyRead MoreImpact Of The French Revolution On The 19th Century Europe1467 Words   |  6 PagesThe period 1815-1914 in Europe was important, as it was the time of the growth of constitutional government, however events from the French Revolution had a significant impact on the 19th century Europe. French revolutions has began when in 1774 Louise XVI had to deal with a financial crisis cause by sev en year s war . Louise XVI had agreed to summon Estate-General , which represented the clergy, nobles and the Third Estate(the commoners). Inspired by the issues with the voting system of theRead MoreWomen s Struggle For Equal Rights860 Words   |  4 Pageshouse wife, she was only seen competent enough in society to raise and educate kids and take care of her household. In both countries, the revolution increased the population’s attention to political matters and made liberty and equality very important to the people. Unfortunately, Women did not claim any rights during this time, but the women of the French Revolution and the activities they were implicated in heavily influenced the movement and struggle for equal rights. Their March on Versailles, theirRead MoreEssay on Western Civilization1179 Words   |  5 Pagessecularism. 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College Should Be Free - 759 Words

Should the cost of earning a college degree be free? Some students,parents, and educators say that it is morally wrong for a child to spend their entire life going to public school for free and having them to just turn around and pay for college. The students, parents, and educators all would agree that the cost of obtaining a college degree should indeed be free. Those who are against this issue believe that the students themselves or their parents who are financially able should pay for some or all of the expense of attending college after all public school students are given a free ride from elementary to high school. Understanding and considering both sides of the issue, I strongly stand by the decision stating that the cost of attending college should be free. To begin, earning a college degree should be based on a students intellectual ability to complete the curriculum not their ability to meet financial guidelines. Most colleges say that they accept students who have a two point zero grade point average or higher, standard SAT and ACT scores, and the twenty four credits needed to graduate, but once a student meets all the qualifications they are still turned down due to the fact that they are unable to pay the cost that is needed for college. Students unable to meet federal guidelines in order to receive financial aid also may not qualify for income based scholarships. In America the cost of living and tuition has increased while the average household incomeShow MoreRelatedShould College Be Free College?848 Words   |  4 Pages Free College Why are not more people going to college? One obvious answer would be cost, especially the cost of tuition. But the problem is not just that college is expensive. It is also that going to college is complicated. Free college is not just about cultural and social, neither economic. It means navigating advanced courses, standardized tests, and forms. It means figuring out implicit rules-rules that can change. College graduates have higher employment ratesRead MoreShould College Be Free? Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesShould college be free? A current universal problem poses this question. In today’s world, full of public education standards that hold students maybe too high and in a generation bogged down by student debt, this issue qualifies as a problem more than many are maybe even willing to admit. While the prospect of free college proposes excellent ideals such as a stronger and smarter generation, no student loan problems, and a higher educated society, the truth may a ctually lie in the reality thatRead MoreShould College Be Free College?1614 Words   |  7 Pagescandidates because of his belief that tuition and cost of living at public colleges and universities should be free. 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Making free college education may sound good theoretically but requires herculean efforts to make it practically possible. The main question is whether such program be effective in the long run or not? If, yes how long will the government able to support these costs and from where? Are tuitionRead MoreShould College Be Free?893 Words   |  4 Pagesor not college should be free. Images of students rallying and protesting can be often seen in the news. They are in favor of making college free. I disagree and feel that college should not be free. People would be more likely to fail because there would be no financial consequence, the financial burden would be passed on to taxpayers who wouldn’t even benefit from it, and it would not be fair to those who work hard through earning scholarships and serving in the military. College should not beRead MoreShould College Be Free844 Words   |  4 PagesShould college be free? Posted on  May 8, 2011  by  writefix Should college education be free, or should university students be required to pay tuition fees? Some countries have free education from kindergarten to university, while  students in other countries have to pay  at every step of the way.  This essay will look at some of the reasons for this difference  at university level. Free third level education has several advantages. First of all,  everyone can attend, so the gap between rich and poorRead MoreShould College Be Free?1907 Words   |  8 PagesShould College Be â€Å"Free† in America? As many young millennials rally behind Bernie Sanders and his outlandish claims of free public college for all, others sigh and shake their heads in disapproval. Are these college students really entitled to free higher education? Is it every American’s unalienable right to have a college education? Despite the recent push for free college in the United States, the economic burden and drop in personal responsibility it would create proves that colleges shouldRead MoreShould College Be Free?1916 Words   |  8 Pagesthroats since elementary, I am planning to attend college. My sisters and I being the first generation in our family to attend college, everything is a little scarier. Nothing scared me more than seeing the cost of the tuition. My parents dropped out of college after one year because they didn’t put the work in to get scholarships, and tuition was too much. My oldest sister is in her third year of college and is already planning to come out of college w ith $70,000 debt, because she is in a private school

Border Alliances and the Success Components †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Border Alliances and the Success Components. Answer: Introduction With the exponential increase in globalization, now a days cross border strategic alliances have tend to become a significant tool for multi national companies to use in order to expand their businesses globally. It is also termed as cross border mergers and acquisitions (MA). In other words, cross border alliances are implemented by organizations to effectively maintain as well as strengthen their position in the global market place. Also, the cross border alliances help organizations to effectively improve the performance of their company by focusing on cost cutting or by considering a premium position. Also, another reason for organizations to choose cross border alliances is to redirect the company as well as reinvent the existing business model. There are many failed cross border alliances because organizations fail to analyze systematically as to what the organization is acquiring and what are the expected after effects of the merger and acquisitions (Harvard business review on strategic alliances, 2003). There are three main factors that are mainly considered by every organization opting for cross border alliance and they are defined as follows: Will the cross border alliance be helpful for the organization to implement premium prices? Will the cross border alliance be helpful for the company to change or modify the growth trajectory? Will be alliance be useful to lower the cost for organization by leveraging assets? The typical cross border alliances involves two or more organizations operating in different locations and signs an agreement / contract to co operate and work as partners in a specific domain that will benefit the involved organizations (Lvesque and Murray, 2010). In other words, the cross border mergers and acquisitions or alliances are defined as the partnerships that exist between two or more global organizations and aim to pursue mutual benefits and interests by sharing the capabilities and resources. Majority of the time, the cross border alliances are considered to be very efficient and relatively fast way to expand their businesses into new markets and implement latest trends and technologies. Now a days the cross border alliances have become a very common approach for organizations to compete globally and expand their business verticals by signing deals that leads to cross border alliances. The CBAs (Cross border alliances) are differently applicable for different i ndustries, for example, in the insurance domain, CBAs provide an effective means to shift to new global markets. But, whereas in software technology industry, cross border alliances help in new product development as the alliance deal with global firms help them in the process of manufacturing as well as distribution of software products (Owen and Yawson, 2011). Detailed Discussion on Concept of Cross Border Alliances Types of CBAs When considering the cross border alliances for the implementation of business strategies, organizations have various options. Limited partnerships and licensing agreements represent the complex and least intense form of cross border alliance. These elements are basically governed via legal agreements and most often they need slight change or adjustment in the regular processes and operations involved in the organizations. Cross border alliances (CBAs) of more complex forms include international mergers, international acquisitions and international joint ventures (IJVs). These types of cross border alliances have certain interdependencies which cannot be handled only through legal agreements (Butler, 2007). The organizations involved in complex forms of CBAs should learn to handle their processes and operations in ways that take into consideration of differences as well as similarities between partners. Also, it is very important to note that cultural plays a very important role in cross border alliances and there are several issues associated with this factor (Demirkan, 2015). International Joint Ventures (IJVs) In this type of cross border alliance, two or more organizations (parent) from different locations develop a legal entity which is exposed to joint control of the two parent organizations. The newly established entity is generally situated outside the actual country of any one of the parent organizations. Considering an international merger, the two organizations operating in different locations / countries agree upon effectively integrating their processes and operations as well as hold the responsibility of sharing the control of the newly developed organization. Basically, in both the international mergers and international joint ventures (IJVs), there is establishment of new identity for the newly established legal entity (Harvard business review on strategic alliances, 2003). The best example for international joint venture is the Davidson Harley BV which created an equal share partnership. The main purpose of forming the IJV was to supply the required amount of instrument panels to the Ford Company that was into the development of world car concept. This cross border alliance helped Harley Automative Company (in UK) to meet all the requirements of Ford Company for its suppliers and helped the Davidson Textron (in US) to expand its business in Europe. This example of cross border alliance has been considered one of the successful partnerships in the history of automotive industries (Harvard business review on strategic alliances, 2003). IM and As This stands for International Mergers and Acquisitions and in this type of cross border alliance, the organization that is headquartered in one country gets complete control of the organization that is headquartered in different country. In the acquisition case, the organization that is acquired ceases its existence as a legal organization or entity and the organization which has acquired it takes complete control over its identity and operations (Klaas Jagersma, 2005). Most of the acquisitions are smooth and friendly and enter into bidding process voluntarily. But, there are certain instances where the organization becomes the target of takeover strategy. The takeover acquisitions are generally observed when a bid of unsolicited type is made for the firm that is giving poor performance. Though acquisitions, takeovers and mergers are different processes, but in general all the three concepts involve combing the processes as well as operations of the two organizations as m ergers and acquisitions (Lvesque and Murray, 2010). Approaches to Manage the Cross Border Alliances (CBAs) There are several specific conditions present in a cross border alliance which figure out the limitations or challenges of effectively handling the cultural diversity which are meant to be faced by alliance members. For instance, the number of entities as well as the number of countries involved could be only two, if two domestic or local firms from two different countries enter into an acquisition or a merger deal. On the other hand, the diversity can be higher if either the firm involved in an acquisition or the merger has global processes and operations, or if one of the companies has recently got into other acquisitions or mergers (Meijerink, 2014). Considering an international joint venture, there have to be minimum three firms involved in the cross border alliance, where two parents and the new venture are situated in at least two different countries. In a complex scenario, the new joint venture is situated in a third country and the circumstance where more than two parent organizations plan to collaborate to give rise to a joint venture, then there are several challenges of handling cultural diversity (Arieli, 2008). Now, considering the cross border alliance of Harley Davidson, three different countries and three firms were involved in the United States Davidson Textron was located, in the United Kingdom there was Harley and in the Netherlands there was venture of Harley Davidson (Owen and Yawson, 2011). Irrespective of the number of countries and the companies involved in the cross border alliance, the approach of generalmanagement applied in cross border alliances can be segregated to fit into one of the four approaches. These four approaches effectively reflect on the several ways to manage the cultural diversity that exists in any kind of cross border alliance (Owen and Yawson, 2011). Figure 1 shows the four different approaches to manage the cultural diversity in cross border alliances and they are portfolio, new creation, blending and absorption. Portfolio Approach In this type of approach, the managers in firms are involved in the cross border alliance and who retain a great autonomy deal. Though the cross border alliance develops economic and legal interdependencies, themanagement at the top level assumes that the firms involved in the alliance will tend to operate more or less in the same way as they used to operate before the formation of the cross border alliance. In the portfolio approach, the cross border alliances strategic value does not require the integration of different organizational systems, and thus the cultural diversity is effectively handled by maintaining the separated organizations (Qiu, 2010). This type of scenario is often encountered when one organization acquires another with the aim to diversify into another region or another business and then let the acquired firm to function as an autonomous subsidiary relatively. Blending Approach This type of approach is applicable when the managers at top level expect the organizations (two or more) involved in the cross border alliance to merge or come together into an entirely new organization which retains the best aspects of partners of alliance. This approach or scenario intends to effectively manage the cultural diversity via integration, with parties of each culture getting adapted to the culture of other party. This approach can be applied in a merger or a joint venture or an acquisition. This approach is mainly used in mergers and acquisitions which occur in an industry between organizations that complement strengths of each other and manage to offset the weaknesses of each other (Xia, 2011). New Creation Approach This scenario is encountered when the alliance partners agree to establish a new firm that is entirely different from each of the original firms. This approach is mainly applicable for joint ventures, especially when the new joint venture is situated in another country other than the countries of the parent organizations. Also, it is possible to initiate the mergers for the purpose of establishing a new firm, although it is not very common. A significant indication that merger is tending to establish a new creation is that the new firm gets an entirely new name (Stroup, 2016). Absorption Approach Lastly in some alliances of acquisition type, the buyer intends to get complete control over the target firm. The firm that is targeted here can be very attractive for the buyer company because of certain valuable assets and also due to certain business reasons, the target firm is not able to operate on its own. In such a circumstance, it is expected that the target firm will not have its own identity and adopt the practices ofmanagement of acquiring firm. In other words, it is expected that the acquired firm effectively assimilate into the acquirer firm (Stroup, 2016). Success Components of Cross Border Alliances Effective structuring the cross border alliance is a big challenge faced by the organizations and the organizations which have succeeded in developing effective cross border alliance follow the similar patterns in which the alliances are structured. In this section of the report, the various success components of cross border alliances have been described in detail. Developing a collaborative type of business plan with the prospective organization partners in order to establish enthusiasm before the negotiation of issues related to ownership,management control as well as the financial contributions. Rather than considering it to be a separate task, the structure of the alliance must be an effective end product of developing a business plan in detail. Commitment at the top level is very important to overcome the hurdles of tough negotiation as the alliance deal reaches the closure stage (Li, Wei and Liu, 2010). Considering the negotiations faced by cross border alliances, which can last up to 12 months, there are certain chances that the partners tend to fail to reach an agreement, and in that case, the back up strategies must be acquired in parallel with the alliance negotiations. The second most important success factor is to construct an alliance firm with strong capabilities of conflict management. It is very important for the alliance firms to build capabilities that are critical for managing problems coming in the early stages and enabling the alliance between firms to evolve with time. Majority of the cross border alliances have been extremely successful in realizing the financial and strategic alliance objectives, when there was equal division in the ownership. Successful cross border alliances have strong boards that are capable of segregating them from the conflicts that rise between the parents (Sun et al., 2012). Yet another successful component of an effective cross border alliance is that the strategy must always have an explicit view on whether the aim is to sell or buy specific position in an alliance for a long period or to develop a truly independent business which will evolve individually for the parent firms. Organizations must make a decision at the outset, if they want to be a seller or the buyer of a specific partnership and accordingly shape their method to managing and structuring it accordingly (Arikan and Shenkar, 2013). Another factor that leads to success of the cross border alliance is that the organizations must understand that majority of the qualities needed from the managers involved in a cross border alliance are slightly different from the ones that are expected in the parent company. It is very important that the managers involved in the alliance have to be impartial and should be committed to a single brand or a company. The alliance managers must be capable of carrying out things with high pressure and also tolerate top management pressure. Thus, it is quite clear that the managers role in cross border alliance must require greater sensitivity. The managers must be very clear about the cultural variances and the diverse objectives (Lee, Lee and Lee, 2013). Conclusion It is quite common to have cross border alliances in todays global organizations to stay in business and face cut throat competition. The difficult stage during this cross border alliances is to have absolute understanding and agreement on goals and roles of each party involved in the cross border alliance. If this understanding is not clear among the partners then it causes severe misunderstanding which can end up in not achieving the intended goals. It is a very common practice in mergers and acquisitions to try and start build synergies between the teams of partners involved in the cross border alliance after signing the deal, but survey data suggests that it is much better and effective to plan and check feasibility of the how both teams can work together before signing the deal. Both the partners can agree on what the market trend is and agree upon a plan to leverage that market trend. It is extremely important to have clear specific goals for each of the partners. Although this might not be a cause of conflict amongst the partners, it is better to have specific goals so that both the partners are accountable and they can make the cross border alliance a profitable success. The success rate of the cross border alliance has increased over the years. According to a report from Boston consulting group the best thousand firms make 12% of their income from new cross border alliances. From a managerial point of view cross border alliances are not the most ideal situations. But companies need to adapt to new techniques such as cross border alliance to stay relevant in the industry. To make the alliance successful it is very important to ensure that each of the partner respect each others national and working cultures. It is important to understand the value of effective communication in which the synergies amongst the teams need to be identified and strengthened upon before deciding share amongst partners. Following these guidelines will ensure successful and fruitful cross border alliance thus helping achieve the collective goal of botht the partners involved in the cross border alliance. References Arieli, T. (2008). Cross-Border Enterprises in Conflict Management: An Evaluation of Israel-Palestinian Cross-Border Interaction Opportunities of 1998-2000. SSRN Electronic Journal. Arikan, I. and Shenkar, O. (2013). National Animosity and Cross-Border Alliances. Academy of Management Journal, 56(6), pp.1516-1544. Becchetti, L. and Kobeissi, N. (2009). Role of Governance and Institutional Environment in Affecting Cross Border MAs, Alliances and Project Financing: Evidence from Emerging Markets. SSRN Electronic Journal. Bodnaruk, A., Manconi, A. and Massa, M. (2016). Cross-border alliances and risk management. Journal of International Economics, 102, pp.22-49. Butler, C. (2007). Cross-border strategic alliances: co-operation between firms from the United Arab Emirates and international partners. Strategic Change, 16(7), pp.351-359. Demirkan, I. (2015). Resource diversity in cross-border joint ventures and performance implications. International Journal of Strategic Business Alliances, 4(4), p.221. Harvard business review on strategic alliances. (2003). New York: McGraw-Hill. Klaas Jagersma, P. (2005). Cross?border alliances: advice from the executive suite. Journal of Business Strategy, 26(1), pp.41-50. Lee, J., Lee, B. and Lee, W. (2013). Country-of-origin fit's effect on consumer product evaluation in cross-border strategic brand alliance. Journal of Business Research, 66(3), pp.354-363. Lvesque, C. and Murray, G. (2010). Trade union cross-border alliances within MNCs: disentangling union dynamics at the local, national and international levels. Industrial Relations Journal, 41(4), pp.312-332. Li, Y., Wei, Z. and Liu, Y. (2010). Strategic Orientations, Knowledge Acquisition, and Firm Performance: The Perspective of the Vendor in Cross-Border Outsourcing. Journal of Management Studies, 47(8), pp.1457-1482. Meijerink, S. (2014). Crossing Borders, Creating and Managing Cross-Border Regional Alliances: Practical Handbook to the Crossing Borders Theory. Journal of Borderlands Studies, 29(4), pp.525-525. Owen, S. and Yawson, A. (2011). Information Frictions in Cross-Border Strategic Alliances. SSRN Electronic Journal. Qiu, L. (2010). Cross-border mergers and strategic alliances. European Economic Review, 54(6), pp.818-831. Stroup, C. (2016). International deal experience and cross-border acquisitions. Economic Inquiry, 55(1), pp.73-97. Sun, S., Peng, M., Ren, B. and Yan, D. (2012). A comparative ownership advantage framework for cross-border MAs: The rise of Chinese and Indian MNEs. Journal of World Business, 47(1), pp.4-16. Xia, J. (2011). Mutual dependence, partner substitutability, and repeated partnership: the survival of cross-border alliances. Strategic Management Journal, 32(3), pp.229-253.

Beer Commerical free essay sample

When you cork off the top of a Guinness beer you Inhale the smell of unreasoned malted Marble. The smell and taste you experience gives you sense of satisfaction. The video persuades you that the types of individuals that drink this beer are ones who care and respect others. Individuals that believe that The choices we make reveal the true nature of our character. The introduction is the most important feature of this commercial. Because there is no dialog, the visuals are what tell the story. The commercial begins with the song playing right on cue of the ball missing the goal. If you notice, the video is in slow motion at this point. When the ball comes down and is rebounded the camera is repositioned on the guys rolling down the court to symbolize how strenuous these guys are working. Their dedication Is displayed not only by the looks on their faces when the camera Is zoomed In, but by the sweat dripping aimlessly down their brows. We will write a custom essay sample on Beer Commerical or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Consequently, the announcer comes n and states dedication when one of the men fall down In the wheelchair trying to retrieve the ball but instantly gets back up to get back in the game This is not only emotionally appealing to the audience because they are playing the diligent game of basketball, but because these guys have to work even harder due to the fact that they are paraplegics.The final goal is made and all but one of the guys gets up from their wheelchair which visualizes the devotion these guys demonstrate to the one guy who actually is handicap. Once again this an attempt from the creators of this commercial to emotionally appeal to its audience by representing the loyalty of playing basketball in the most unbiased way possible to a paraplegic friend. The music In the background plays an important role In this commercial. The Cinematic Orchestra To Build a Home Is very Inspirational to the visuals to this commercial.The tempo perfectly aligns with the events In this stor yline. It begins with this slow tempo to signify the sadness in the events but then climaxes when the goal is made ND shows that not everyone in this video is actually in a wheelchair and it finalizes when the tempo becomes lowered and constant symbolizing a calm and collectivities that we are all the same despite our differences. Guinness consumers alone are not the only intended audience of this commercial.This was meant to appeal to younger and older audiences. The younger audiences benefit from the choice of music which is The Cinematic Orchestra. The older audiences benefit from a beer commercial. This commercial is very simple. Its intent is not or you to focus on the fact that paraplegics have it harder In life, or the Intensity from the sport of basketball. Its merely about the three mall principles these individuals exhibit. Its about the Dedication, Loyalty, and Friendship.This character Is defined as the type of people who drink Guinness Beer. Beer Commercial By Alexandria 28861 When you cork off the top of a Guinness beer you inhale the smell of unreasoned court to symbolize how strenuous these guys are working. Their dedication is displayed not only by the looks on their faces when the camera is zoomed in, but by n and states dedication when one of the men fall down in the wheelchair trying to music in the background plays an important role in this commercial.The Cinematic Orchestra To Build a Home is very inspirational to the visuals to this commercial. The tempo perfectly aligns with the events in this storyline. It begins with this slow for you to focus on the fact that paraplegics have it harder in life, or the intensity from the sport of basketball. Its merely about the three main principles these individuals exhibit. Its about the Dedication, Loyalty, and Friendship.

Western Ideals Essay Example

Western Ideals Essay The Western Evils The infiltration of western ideals into the Japanese Culture had forever changed customs and traditions of the Japanese society as a whole. Yet was it as it was stated in a 1941 pamphlet issued by the Japanese Ministry of Education entitled â€Å"The Way of the Subjects. † â€Å"this country has been widely seeking knowledge in the world since the Meiji Restoration, thereby fostering and maintaining the prosperity of the state. With the influx of European and American culture in this country, however, individualism, liberalism, utilitarianism and materialism began to assert themselves, so that the traditional character of the country was much impaired and the virtuous habits and customs bequeathed by our ancestors were affected unfavorably† Had the infiltration of individualism,liberalism,utilitarianism and materialism corrupt the once glorious and honorable society of Japan? Or perhaps had it enlightened their society to a new way of thinking? To answer these questions Id like to give a brief highlight of how women were viewed in Japanese Culture prior to the infiltration of the western ideology. To do so I will be referencing Andrew Gordons book entitled: A Modern History of Japan. To start off Id to address the role of women prior to the infiltration of western ideology. More precisely the the views of the Orthodox in the Tokugawa society, that being that â€Å"women should be kept ignorant and in the kitchen. †[1] However that wasnt the case rather it was that this belief was more to keep women as submissive an obedient . We will write a custom essay sample on Western Ideals specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Western Ideals specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Western Ideals specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It was further brought out that women worked as managers of farms for the wealthy in addition to their regular household duties. [2] So exactly how did this system change after the infiltration of the western ideology? Well to answer this question Im going to reference Funichiro Tanizakis book entitled: Some Prefer Nettles and Nakano Makikos book entitled: Makikos Diary. When we look upon the example set by Makiko in Nakano Makikos book entitled: Makikos Diary, we can see no change in the sense of a submissive an obedient partner. An example of this can be taken from how Makikos spouse frequently parties and she waits up for him every night. [3] However the change that is displayed by Makiko is that of becoming more materialistic. This can be seen through out the text as she speaks of the gifts that they had received an especially when she talks about the camera that they had came to posses. [4] So what of the example set forth by Funichiro Tanizakis book entitled: Some Prefer Nettles? Well as seen in the beginning of the book Kanames wife Misako was anything but loyal. This is clearly show through the fact that his wife had another lover by the name of Aso. [5] Another theme that found its way through this book as well is the materialistic desires of the people in their society. A picture is painted through the illustration of the prostitute that Kaname goes to see by the name of louise. In the book it speaks of how she has a taste for things western and of course money. [6] Given these examples can it honestly be said that the infiltration of western ideology had corrupted the Japanese Culture? Well as we can clearly see, yes there was a big difference between what was acceptable prior to the infiltration of western ideology, then to as it was after. However to say that it was because of the infiltration of western ideology that made this all come to be is rather a foolish statement. The fact is that these ideologies; individualism, liberalism, utilitarianism and materialism are merely nothing more then human nature. It can honestly be said that with the infiltration of western ideology the Japanese people were allowed to be more free to express themselves more freely then before. Then again I maybe wrong, partly because according to the Japanese Ministry of Education I have been corrupted by these western evils. [1]Andrew Gordon: â€Å"A Modern History of Japan† (Oxford University Press,2009), 32 [2]Gordon, 33 [3]Nakano Makiko, â€Å" Makikos Diary†(Stanford University Press,1982),102 [4]Makiko,150-152 [5]Funichiro Tanizaki, â€Å"Some Prefer Nettles† (First Vintage International Edition,1955),4 [6]Tanizaki,165-171

The Catcher in the Rye literary analysis essays

The Catcher in the Rye literary analysis essays The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger is a story about childhood, and of finding ones self in society. It is the story of Holden Caulfield and his everyday encounters and problems with other people in society. The story depicts a week in the life of Holden, a week full of events and encounters that permanently change his life forever. In the Catcher in the Rye J.D. Salinger uses the character of Holden Caulfield, conflict, and setting to convey the theme that although the world may seem to be full of phonies or difficult and boring people, one must find a way to overlook his individuality and coexist in society. The first literary technique J.D. Salinger utilizes is the character of Holden Caulfield. Although Holden can be analyzed from many different vantage points the most prevalent characteristic of Holden is his lack of maturity and his journey into adulthood. Holden is a very insecure teenager desperately trying to connect with someone. Because he is immature he has problems understanding the adult world and has difficulty relating to his peers. He feels very much alone and doesn't know how to create a connection because he is very idealistic and has no tolerance for people. He labels anyone whom he considers not to be completely genuine as a phony, claiming that they do and say things for the sole purpose of being socially accepted and polite. However, Holden demonstrates his immaturity by partaking in many of the actions that he considers to be phony. He admits that sometimes it is necessary to take part in these actions and ultimately become a phony in order to exist in the ad ult world, which is why he is so strongly opposed to it. As the story progresses, however, Holdens actions and convictions begin to change into a more mature way of existing. One conviction that changes throughout the novel is Holden's belief that he can change the world. In the beginning of the story the reader gets the impre...

The gastronomic developments on two different geographical areas; West Essay

The gastronomic developments on two different geographical areas; West Yorkshire in the North of England and the Island of Malta in the Mediterranean - Essay Example The information guiding this research shall be gathered from relevant scholarly articles, books, journals and websites. The factors of these trends shall be derived from the social, economic, and cultural developments in those areas. The main outcomes that this research intends to achieve are the comparison of the trends of those gastronomic environments. A key factor to this is knowledge of the factors that have influenced the diversity of the food and beverage development in those specific areas. The outcomes will be analyzed to know the trends that contribute to the competitive value of food and beverage operations. Lastly, recognize the key features of successful gastronomic business and determining the quality leaders in the market. Gastronomy is the study of food and culture with a specific emphasis on pleasure-loving cuisine. Modern gastronomy has its roots in several French texts published in the 1800s. It is a demanding multidisciplinary art examining food itself along with its setting, demonstration, brilliance, and history. The principal of gastronomy is that food is an art form, as well as science. Gastronomy examines the sociological implications of food, while integrating other social science disciplines such as philosophy, anthropology, and psychology. For the gourmet and gastronome, gastronomy requires an essential definition, which is the enjoyment of good food, noble company and worthy beverages. Gastronomy is broken down into four main areas (Harrison, 1982) which are political, theoretical, and technical and food gastronomy. Political gastronomy is concerned with the training and the study of the preparation, making, and service of various foods and beverages from many countries around the world (Cailein Gillespie, 2001, pp. 3-5). It deals with the methods and principals involved in the conversion of raw produce into appealing, countrywide, regionally